Sofia is a city that tells its story also through the statues and monuments that populate the squares, parks, and avenues of the center.
From sculptures dedicated to saints and national heroes to commemorative monuments from the socialist period, each statue is a piece of Bulgarian identity. For those organizing holidays in Sofia, a walk among these outdoor works of art is a pleasant and educational way to get to know the city, without the need for entrance tickets or guided tours. This guide proposes an ideal route among the most significant statues in the center, with historical notes and curiosities.
The Statue of Sofia: The Symbol of the City
The ideal starting point for a walk among the statues of Sofia is the Statue of Sofia, located at the intersection of Todor Alexandrov Boulevard and Maria Luisa Street. Inaugurated in 2000, the bronze statue depicts the goddess Sofia with a crown, a scepter, and an owl, symbol of wisdom. The figure is slender and elegant, and its central position makes it visible from afar. During the holidays in Sofia, the statue is a landmark for orientation in the center and a meeting place for the Sofians.
The Meaning of the Name
The name "Sofia" comes from the Basilica of Saint Sofia, which in turn takes its name from "Divine Wisdom" (Hagia Sophia in Greek). The statue, therefore, does not represent a historical person, but an abstract concept: wisdom. The choice of the owl as an attribute reinforces this meaning, as the owl has been the symbol of wisdom since ancient Greece. During the holidays in Sofia, observing the statue up close allows you to appreciate the details of the crown and the scepter.
The Monument to Tsar Liberator
Not far from the statue of Sofia, in Narodno Sabranie Square, stands the Monument to Tsar Liberator, dedicated to Tsar Alexander II of Russia. The bronze equestrian statue, created by the Italian sculptor Arnoldo Zocchi, was inaugurated in 1907. It depicts the tsar on horseback, with his sword drawn, in the act of leading the troops towards the liberation of Bulgaria. At the foot of the monument, sculptural groups represent soldiers, peasants, and intellectuals. During the holidays in Sofia, this monument is one of the most photographed in the city.
The Historical Context
The monument celebrates the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, which led to the liberation of Bulgaria from Ottoman rule. The statue is a symbol of gratitude towards Russia, but also a work of art of great value. During the holidays in Sofia, taking the time to observe the bas-reliefs of the pedestal allows for a better understanding of Bulgarian history.
The Statue of Vasil Levski
Vasil Levski is the Bulgarian national hero, the "Apostle of Freedom," who dedicated his life to the struggle for independence. His statue, located in the heart of Sofia, near the Eagle Bridge, depicts him standing, with his gaze directed towards the horizon, in a posture of determination. The statue is a pilgrimage site for Bulgarians, who lay flowers there on national commemorations. During the holidays in Sofia, visiting this statue is a way to honor the memory of a hero.
Who Was Vasil Levski
Vasil Levski (1837-1873) was a revolutionary and organizer of the Bulgarian liberation movement. He founded a network of revolutionary committees throughout the country and developed a plan to overthrow Ottoman rule. He was captured and executed by the Ottomans, but his sacrifice made him a martyr and a symbol. During the holidays in Sofia, his statue is a place of memory and reflection.
The Soviet Army Monument
The Soviet Army Monument, located in Lozenets Park, is one of the most imposing and discussed in Sofia. Inaugurated in 1954, it celebrates the entry of the Red Army into Bulgaria in 1944. The monument is a sculptural complex made of bronze and stone, featuring figures of soldiers, workers, and peasants advancing together. After the fall of communism, the monument became the subject of debates and acts of vandalism. During the holidays in Sofia, visiting it offers a glimpse into the controversial history of 20th-century Bulgaria.
The Debate on the Monument
Some call for the removal of the monument, considering it a symbol of Soviet occupation. Others defend it as a work of art and historical testimony. During the holidays in Sofia, observing the monument and reflecting on its meaning is an exercise in historical memory.
The Statue of Georgi Dimitrov
Georgi Dimitrov was the first communist leader of Bulgaria and a prominent figure of the Comintern. His statue, once located in a central square, was removed after 1989 and is now in the Museum of Socialist Art. During the holidays in Sofia, it is possible to see this statue in the museum garden, along with other works from the socialist period.
The Mausoleum of Dimitrov
Next to the statue once stood the Mausoleum of Dimitrov, where the leader's body was preserved for decades. The mausoleum was demolished in 1999, but the site is still visible. During the holidays in Sofia, this story is an example of how the city has faced its communist past.
The Statues of the City Garden
The City Garden, in the center of Sofia, hosts numerous statues and busts of prominent figures in Bulgarian culture. Among them are the poet Ivan Vazov, the writer Aleko Konstantinov, and the composer Pancho Vladigerov. The statues are surrounded by greenery and offer a relaxed atmosphere. During the holidays in Sofia, a walk in this garden allows you to meet the figures who made the history of Bulgarian culture.
The Lion Fountain
In the center of the garden is the Lion Fountain, with bronze sculptures representing lions in dynamic poses. The fountain is a meeting place and a symbol of the city. During the holidays in Sofia, sitting next to the fountain is a way to observe the daily life of the Sofians.
The Monument to the Fallen in War
Near the City Garden is the Monument to the Fallen in War, dedicated to the Bulgarian soldiers who died in the conflicts of the twentieth century. The monument is sober and elegant, with a perpetual flame and marble slabs with the names of the fallen. During the holidays in Sofia, this place invites silence and reflection.
The Statue of Saint Sofia
In addition to the statue of the goddess Sofia, there is another sculpture dedicated to Saint Sofia, the Christian martyr who gave her name to the basilica. The statue is located near the Church of Saint Sofia and depicts her with the palm of martyrdom. During the holidays in Sofia, this statue is a bridge between the Roman and Christian history of the city.
Statues in Borisova Gradina Park
Borisova Gradina Park hosts numerous statues, including those dedicated to Bulgarian poets and writers, and the monument to the Russian soldiers who fell in the Russo-Turkish War. During the holidays in Sofia, a walk in the park allows you to discover these works in a natural setting.
The Monument to the Russian Soldiers
The monument, located in the upper part of the park, is an imposing stone structure with an Orthodox cross and inscriptions in Cyrillic. During the holidays in Sofia, this place is an example of how history and nature can coexist.
Tips for the Walk
Wear comfortable shoes: the path between the statues covers several kilometers.
Bring a map or use a navigation app to find your way.
Stop to read the plaques: many statues have inscriptions explaining who they represent.
Respect the monuments: do not climb, do not damage.
Take advantage of the morning or late afternoon light for photos.
During the holidays in Sofia, this walk can be divided into several days or combined with visits to other attractions.
FAQ - Questions about the statues and monuments in downtown Sofia
1. How many statues are there in the center of Sofia?
There are dozens of statues and monuments in the center. The most important are the Statue of Sofia, the Monument to the Liberator Tsar, and the statue of Vasil Levski.
2. Is the Statue of Sofia open to visit at night?
Yes, the statue is illuminated and is visible in the evening as well. The area is safe and frequented.
3. Is the Monument to the Soviet Army still standing?
Yes, the monument is still standing, but it is a subject of public debate.
4. Can you take photos of the statues?
Yes, it is allowed to photograph the statues. There are no restrictions.
5. Are the statues accessible to people with reduced mobility?
Most of the statues in the center are accessible. Some, like those in Borisova Gradina park, may require paths on uneven ground.
6. Who was Vasil Levski?
Vasil Levski is the Bulgarian national hero who fought for Bulgaria's independence from Ottoman rule.
7. Is there a statue dedicated to an Italian in Sofia?
Yes, the Monument to the Liberator Tsar was created by the Italian sculptor Arnoldo Zocchi.
8. Are the statues from the socialist period still visible?
Some have been removed, others are displayed in the Museum of Socialist Art. Still others remain in public places.
9. What is the oldest statue in Sofia?
The oldest statue is probably that of the goddess Roma or some Roman deity, preserved in museums. The outdoor statues are more recent.
10. Is there a guided tour dedicated to the statues?
Yes, some local agencies organize guided walking tours dedicated to the monuments and statues of Sofia.
The Statues of Central Sofia
The statues and monuments in central Sofia are much more than simple works of art: they are pages of history, symbols of identity, and landmarks for city life. From the statue of the goddess Sofia to the Monument to the Liberator Tsar, from the figure of Vasil Levski to the sculptures of the socialist period, each work tells an aspect of Bulgaria and its capital. During the holidays in Sofia, a walk among these statues allows you to get to know the city in a pleasant and in-depth way, without the need for guides or tickets. Whether you are passionate about history, art, or simply curious, these outdoor sculptures will enrich your journey with stories and suggestions. For a complete overview of all the attractions and practical tips, consult our complete guide for holidays in Sofia among history, culture, and Balkan flavors.
Article review date: May 5, 2026