Overlooking the Adriatic Sea, with its port that has been a crossroads of peoples and goods for millennia, Ancona is a city that surprises with its authenticity and unusual beauty. The capital of the Marche region, often less celebrated than other Italian tourist destinations, offers a first-rate historical, artistic, and natural heritage. Its unique position, perched on the promontory of Mount Conero and kissed by the waters, provides breathtaking panoramic views. This comprehensive guide is designed to accompany you in discovering Ancona: from Roman and medieval remnants to Renaissance treasures, from the promenade along the seafront to excursions in the Conero Park, and to the culinary traditions that make the city a true gem of the Adriatic.
Why Visit Ancona
Ancona is a city with a straightforward character, tied to the sea and commerce. Visiting it means immersing yourself in an authentic atmosphere, far from the circuits of mass tourism, yet rich in attractions of great value. Its Romanesque Cathedral, which stands on the site of an ancient temple to Venus, dominates the city with its majesty. The port, one of the most important on the Adriatic, tells stories of navigators, merchants, and pilgrims. The National Archaeological Museum houses invaluable artifacts, and the Teatro delle Muse is a jewel of nineteenth-century architecture. But Ancona is also nature: the Conero Park offers trails through Mediterranean scrub, cliffs overlooking the sea, and dreamlike beaches like the Due Sorelle. Finally, Ancona's cuisine, based on fresh fish and Marche specialties, is another reason to be captivated.
The History of Ancona in Brief
The history of Ancona has its roots in antiquity. The name comes from the Greek "ankòn" (elbow), due to the shape of the promontory on which it stands, which curves like an elbow to protect the port. Founded by Greek colonists from Syracuse around 387 BC, it soon became an important commercial hub. Under the Romans, it maintained its significance, and Emperor Trajan equipped it with a new port basin (still visible) and a triumphal arch. In the Middle Ages, Ancona was a maritime republic (one of the four historical ones, along with Venice, Genoa, and Pisa), although less known. It fought to maintain its independence against the expansionism of Venice and the Papacy. In the 16th century, it came under the Papal States, which governed it until the unification of Italy, except for a brief Napoleonic interlude. In 1799 and 1860, it suffered sieges and bombings. During World War II, Allied bombings destroyed much of the historic center. The reconstruction erased many ancient buildings but also allowed for the rediscovery and enhancement of the surviving treasures. Today, Ancona is a vibrant, modern city that looks towards the sea and Europe.
What to See in Ancona: The Main Attractions
The center of Ancona is compact and can be easily visited on foot, although it is hilly. Here are the key stops.
Cathedral of San Ciriaco
It is the undisputed symbol of the city. Located at the top of Colle Guasco, it occupies the area where a temple dedicated to Venus once stood. The current church was built between the 11th and 13th centuries in Romanesque style, with Byzantine and Gothic influences. The Greek cross layout (rare for a cathedral), the columns from the pagan temple, the Gothic portal, and the rose window make it a unique masterpiece. The interior houses works of art and, in the crypt, relics of Saint Cyriacus. But the reason to climb to the Cathedral is the view: from here you can overlook the entire city, the port, the sea, and the Conero coast. It is the perfect place for an unforgettable sunset.
Arch of Trajan
Located on the pier of the ancient port, it is one of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the Marche region. It was erected in 115 AD in honor of Emperor Trajan, who had expanded the port. The arch is made of marble, with a single archway, Corinthian columns, and an attic where a statue of the emperor once stood. It is still today the monumental entrance to the port of Ancona.
Ancient Port and Lazzaretto (Mole Vanvitelliana)
The ancient port of Ancona, commissioned by Trajan and later expanded over the centuries, has its focal point in the Mole Vanvitelliana, a pentagonal complex built in the 18th century by architect Luigi Vanvitelli (the same as the Royal Palace of Caserta). The building, originally a lazaretto (isolation for sailors sick with the plague), is a masterpiece of engineering and functionality. Today it hosts exhibitions, cultural events, and the tactile museum Omero, dedicated to the enjoyment of works of art by the visually impaired. The Mole is surrounded by water on three sides and is connected to the mainland by a bridge.
National Archaeological Museum of the Marche
Housed in the 18th-century Palazzo Ferretti (designed by Vanvitelli), this museum is one of the most important in Italy for prehistory and protohistory. It preserves artifacts ranging from the Paleolithic to the Roman era, coming from all over the Marche region. Among the most famous pieces are the Warriors of Piceno (female funerary statues in stone), the bronzes and jewelry of the Picene civilization, and the finds from the Greek necropolis of Ancona. It is a must-visit to understand the ancient civilizations of the Adriatic.
Theater of the Muses
It is the main theater in Ancona, one of the largest in the Marche region. The current building, inaugurated in 1829, replaces a previous 18th-century theater that was destroyed by fire. The neoclassical facade is imposing, and the interior is rich in stuccos, gilding, and frescoes. The name comes from the statues of the Muses that adorn the proscenium. It hosts opera seasons, concerts, and theatrical performances. Even just visiting it on a guided tour is worth it.
Piazza del Plebiscito (formerly Piazza Grande)
It is the main square of the historic center, rectangular in shape and porticoed on three sides. Historic buildings such as the Palazzo del Governo (seat of the Prefecture) and the Church of Jesus (built by the Jesuits in the 16th century) overlook it. It is the heart of city life, with cafes and venues under the porticoes.
Cathedral of San Ciriaco (already mentioned, but worth reiterating)
For completeness, the Cathedral deserves a mention of its own.
Church of Santa Maria della Piazza
A small Romanesque church in the heart of the center, characterized by a portico and a medieval mosaic floor that emerges beneath the current flooring. It is a hidden gem.
Civic Art Gallery “Francesco Podesti”
Housed in a historic palace, it preserves paintings from the Middle Ages to the 18th century, featuring works by artists from the Marche and Veneto regions. Among the masterpieces is the altarpiece by Titian (Saint Francis and the Miracle of the Mule) and the canvases of Francesco Podesti, a 19th-century painter from Ancona.
Conero Park and Beaches
Ancona is the only Italian city to have a natural park (Conero Park) that extends into its territory. Mount Conero (572 m) is a limestone mountain that plunges into the Adriatic, creating white cliffs and hidden coves. Among the most beautiful beaches:
Due Sorelle Beach: accessible only by sea or via a trail, it is considered one of the most beautiful beaches in Italy.
Portonovo: a bay with the characteristic Romanesque church of Santa Maria and a fine sandy beach.
Mezzavalle: a long and wild beach, accessible via a long staircase.
San Michele: a pebbly cove at the foot of Conero.
Numerous trails cross the park, offering spectacular views of the coast.
What to See Around Ancona
The province of Ancona and the Marche region offer many attractions within a short distance.
Numana and Sirolo: two villages perched on Conero, with elegant historic centers and breathtaking views. Their beaches (Spiaggia dei Sassi Neri, Spiaggia dei Frati) are among the most renowned.
Loreto: a sanctuary city, with the Basilica della Santa Casa (it is said that the house of the Virgin Mary was transported here by angels). An important pilgrimage center.
Recanati: the birthplace of the poet Giacomo Leopardi. Visit the Casa di Leopardi, the Colle dell’Infinito, and the Beniamino Gigli Museum.
Osimo: a city rich in art (Cathedral, undergrounds, museum of sacred art) and traditions related to the President of the Republic.
Jesi: the birthplace of Emperor Frederick II of Swabia, with a medieval historic center, the Palazzo della Signoria, and the Teatro Pergolesi.
Senigallia: famous for its "velvet" beach (fine sand) and the Rotonda a mare, a symbol of the city.
When to Visit Ancona: Climate and Seasons
Ancona enjoys a Mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot but breezy summers thanks to the sea.
Spring (March-May): pleasant temperatures (12-22 degrees), ideal for visiting the city and hiking in Conero. Nature is in bloom. Best time.
Summer (June-August): hot but often breezy. Temperatures can exceed 30 degrees. It is the beach season, with crowded beaches and nightlife. Great for those seeking swimming.
Autumn (September-November): September is still warm and swimmable, while October and November are cooler with suggestive autumn colors. Less crowded, ideal for hiking.
Winter (December-February): cold (with lows around 3-5 degrees), but often sunny. Few crowds, perfect for visiting museums and churches. The beaches are desolate and picturesque.
How to Get Around Ancona and the Surroundings
On foot: the historic center (from the Cathedral to the port) is walkable, but be careful of the hills (especially to reach the Cathedral). You can use escalators and public elevators that connect different parts of the city.
Urban buses: an efficient service that connects the train station, the city center, the port, and the coastal districts (Portonovo).
Rental car: recommended for exploring the Conero and its surroundings (Numana, Sirolo, Loreto, Recanati). Be careful of the ZTL (limited traffic zones) in the historic centers of the towns.
Train: the Ancona station is on the Adriatic line (Milan-Lecce and Ancona-Rome). Well connected to the main Italian cities.
What to Eat in Ancona: Local Specialties
The cuisine of Ancona and the Marche region is linked to the sea and peasant traditions.
Brodetto di pesce (Ancona-style fish stew): the queen of the table. It is a fish soup made with various types of fish, cooked in a copper pot with tomato, vinegar, saffron, and chili pepper. It is served over slices of toasted bread.
Olive all’ascolana: green olives stuffed with a mixture of meats (chicken, pork, beef), breaded and fried. Originating from Ascoli Piceno, they are popular throughout the Marche.
Stoccafisso all’anconetana: stockfish boiled and then seasoned with garlic, oil, parsley, and anchovies. A humble but very tasty dish.
Vincisgrassi: a type of rich lasagna with meat ragù, liver, mushrooms, and béchamel. The main dish of the Christmas season.
Moscioli selvatici (wild mussels): moscioli are mussels that grow on the rocks of Conero, smaller and tastier than common ones. They can be enjoyed raw or cooked.
Passatelli in brodo: pasta made with breadcrumbs, cheese, eggs, and nutmeg, served in meat or capon broth.
Cured meats and cheeses: Fabriano salami, Carpegna ham (DOP), pecorino cheese, caciotta.
Wines: Verdicchio (from the Castles of Jesi and Matelica), Rosso Conero (DOCG, based on Montepulciano), Rosso Piceno.
Events and Traditions
Feast of San Ciriaco (May 4): patron saint of Ancona, with processions and religious celebrations.
Feast of the Madonna del Mare (first Sunday of July): a statue of the Virgin is carried in procession by sea in the port of Ancona.
Ancona Jazz: a jazz music festival held in the fall.
Fiera di Sant’Agostino (August): one of the oldest fairs in Italy, with stalls, shows, and a funfair.
Practical Tips for Your Visit
Comfortable shoes: you will walk a lot, especially if you climb to the Cathedral and move around the hilly historic center.
Bring a windbreaker: it can be windy on the coast and at the top of Conero even in summer.
Book the beaches: during high season, the beaches of Conero (especially Due Sorelle) require reservations for limited access.
Water and sunscreen: essential in summer.
Guided tours: consider a guide for the Archaeological Museum and the Mole Vanvitelliana for deeper insights.
Respect for the park: on the trails of Conero, do not leave waste and stay on marked paths.
FAQ Ancona
How much time is needed to visit Ancona?
To visit the center (Cathedral, Arch of Trajan, Archaeological Museum, Piazza del Plebiscito, Teatro delle Muse) at least 4-5 hours are needed. If you add the Mole Vanvitelliana and a walk to the port, a whole day. To also visit the Conero Park and the beaches (Portonovo, Due Sorelle), 2-3 days are necessary.
Is Ancona a child-friendly city?
Yes. The Archaeological Museum has interactive sections and workshops. The Conero Park offers easy trails and suitable beaches. The Mole Vanvitelliana often hosts family exhibitions. Children will also enjoy the walk along the waterfront and the view from the Cathedral.
What is the best way to reach the Due Sorelle Beach?
The beach is mainly accessible by sea: there are ferry and boat services departing from the port of Ancona, Portonovo, Numana, and Sirolo. Alternatively, there is a steep and rugged path (not suitable for everyone) that descends from the top of Conero to the beach. Sea transport is recommended.
Is the Cathedral of San Ciriaco accessible to people with reduced mobility?
Yes, the Cathedral is accessible via a route of escalators and public elevators that start from Via Piave and Via XXIX Settembre, thus avoiding the climb on foot. The interior of the church is accessible. For the panoramic view, there are protective railings.
What to see in Loreto and Recanati in one day from Ancona?
Both can be visited in a single day. From Ancona, by car or train (to Loreto) and then by car (or bus) to Recanati. Morning in Loreto: Basilica della Santa Casa and Museum of the Apostolic Palace. Afternoon in Recanati: Casa di Leopardi, Colle dell’Infinito, Beniamino Gigli Museum. Return to Ancona in the evening.
What is the typical dish of Ancona that I must absolutely try?
The brodetto di pesce all’anconetana is the symbolic dish. If you are in the coastal area, also try the moscioli (wild mussels from Conero) either raw or cooked. For an appetizer, the olive all’ascolana (even though they are from Ascoli Piceno, they are widespread throughout the Marche region).
Is the National Archaeological Museum suitable for non-experts in archaeology?
Absolutely yes. The setup is modern and educational. The most famous pieces (the Warriors of Piceno, the Picene bronzes, the jewelry) are explained clearly. The museum offers a fascinating view of the pre-Roman Italic civilizations, often less known but very interesting.
Is it possible to stay overnight inside the Conero Park?
Yes, in the municipalities of Ancona, Sirolo, Numana, and Camerano there are numerous accommodation options (farmhouses, B&Bs, hotels). Free camping is not allowed within the park, but there are equipped areas and authorized campsites.
Ancona
Ancona is a city that deserves to be discovered slowly, guided by the scent of the sea and the charm of its long history. It is not a loud destination, but an authentic pearl of the Adriatic that knows how to offer intense emotions: the majesty of the Cathedral of San Ciriaco, the elegance of the Arch of Trajan, the suggestion of the Mole Vanvitelliana, and the wild beauty of Conero. Whether you are an archaeology enthusiast, a lover of the sea, or a seeker of breathtaking views,Ancona citywill win you over. With this guide, you have all the tools to best organize your visit and experience an authentic journey in the heart of the Marche. All that’s left is to set sail towards this discovery.
Here is a list of things to visit in Ancona:
Cathedral of San Ciriaco
Arch of Trajan
Old Port and Mole Vanvitelliana (Lazzaretto)
National Archaeological Museum of the Marche
Theater of the Muses
Plebiscito Square
Church of Santa Maria della Piazza
Civic Art Gallery Francesco Podesti
Omero Tactile Museum (at the Mole Vanvitelliana)
Church of Jesus
Ferretti Palace
Passetto (cliff and monument to the fallen)
Monument to the Fallen of Passetto
Vanvitelli Promenade
Conero Park
Portonovo Beach
Two Sisters Beach (accessible by sea)
Mezzavalle Beach
Calatafimi and view of the port
Garibaldi Street (shopping street)
Church of San Francesco alle Scale
Church of San Domenico
Palace of the Elders
Fountain of the Horses (in Cavour Square)
Villa Favorita (public park)
Cathedral Belvedere (panorama)
Passetto Belvedere (panorama)
Undergrounds of San Domenico
Synagogue of Ancona
Surroundings: Numana, Sirolo, Loreto, Recanati
Revision date: May 19, 2026