An Underground Journey between History and Architecture.
When talking about vacations in Baku, one immediately thinks of the Flame Towers, the Old City, and the Caspian Sea. But there is another dimension of the city, hidden beneath its feet, that tells a fascinating and often overlooked story: the Baku Metro. Inaugurated in 1967, during the Soviet era, the Bakı Metropoliteni is not just an efficient public transport system, but a true underground museum of art and architecture. Its stations, decorated with mosaics, sculptures, chandeliers, and traditional Azerbaijani motifs, offer a journey through time, an immersion in the aesthetics and ideology of an era that left an indelible mark on the capital of Azerbaijan.
A Soviet Legacy in the Heart of the Caucasus
The Baku Metro is one of the oldest in the former Soviet Union, preceded only by those in Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Kiev, and Tbilisi. Its construction began in 1951, but the work was slowed by geological difficulties and periods of crisis, being completed only in 1967, when the first line, 12 kilometers long, connected the outskirts to the city center. Today, the metro has expanded significantly, with three lines extending approximately 40 kilometers and serving 27 stations, with future expansion plans that will make it an even more extensive network.
The Architecture and Art of the Stations
A Journey through Mosaics and Chandeliers
The subway stations of Baku are an extraordinary example of socialist architecture, with influences of Stalinist classicism and Soviet modernism. Each station is a work of art in itself, designed to celebrate the greatness of the regime, local culture, and technology. Common features include spacious open areas, high ceilings, majestic columns, and a profusion of decorations.
The Most Iconic Stations
Nizami Gəncəvi: This station, named after the great 12th-century Azerbaijani poet, is one of the most spectacular. Its walls are decorated with ceramic mosaics depicting scenes from Nizami's poems, such as "Khosrow and Shirin" and "Layla and Majnun." The station is a tribute to Azerbaijani culture and literature, a place where art becomes an integral part of the daily life of commuters.
İçərişəhər: The station serving the Old City is another must-see stop. Its architecture blends modern elements with references to Baku's ancient history. The decorations include traditional motifs and symbols of the city, such as the Maiden Tower. Exiting the station, one finds themselves right at the foot of the walls of Icheri Sheher, a direct passage from modernity to history.
28 May: Located in the heart of the city center, near the train station, this station is an example of monumental Soviet architecture. Spacious areas, marble columns, and large chandeliers create a solemn and imposing atmosphere. The name of the station commemorates Azerbaijan's Independence Day (May 28, 1918).
Koroğlu: This station, located in the northern part of the red line, is decorated with scenes from the famous Turkish epic "Koroglu", a beloved heroic tale in Azerbaijan. The walls are covered with ceramic panels that illustrate the adventures of the legendary hero, offering a fascinating lesson in Azerbaijani folklore.
Xətai: This station, named after the Azerbaijani poet and playwright, features austere yet elegant architecture, with mosaics that evoke the country's textile tradition and decorative motifs.
The Mosaics and Ceramic Panels
The most distinctive feature of the Baku metro is the widespread use of mosaics and ceramic panels. These artworks, created by local artists, depict scenes from everyday life, history, culture, and nature of Azerbaijan. There are mountain landscapes, human figures, animals, floral patterns, and astronomical symbols, creating a rich visual tapestry that makes each station unique.
A Journey Through History
Some stations of the Baku metro have been the subject of controversies and name changes over the years, reflecting the political and social changes in the country. Originally, many stations bore names related to Soviet ideology (such as "XI Qızıl Ordu" - XI Red Army), but after independence, they were renamed with names of Azerbaijani poets, heroes, and historical figures. This layering of names and meanings makes the Baku metro a living testament to the country's history.
Tips for Using the Baku Metro
How to Get Around
The Baku metro is an efficient, clean, and safe public transportation system. It is the ideal means to quickly move from one part of the city to another, avoiding city traffic.
Tickets: To use the metro, you need to purchase a rechargeable card (BakiKart) at the ticket machines or at the counters in the stations. The card can be recharged with the desired amount and can also be used on buses.
Lines: The network consists of three lines (red, green, and purple), which intersect at certain points, allowing access to most tourist areas and the city.
Hours: The metro operates from the early hours of the morning until late at night, with a high frequency during peak hours.
A Tourist Attraction
Even if you are not a commuter, it is worth taking the Baku metro at least for one ride, to admire its art stations. Getting on at one station, traveling for a few stops, observing the decorations, and taking photographs is an experience that enriches your visit to the city.
Etiquette and Safety
The metro is generally safe and well monitored.
It is good practice to give up your seat to women, the elderly, and people with children.
Smoking and consuming food and drinks inside the stations and trains is prohibited.
During peak hours, trains can be very crowded.
Frequently Asked Questions about the Baku Metro: Soviet Art Stations
How many stations does the Baku metro have?
The Baku metro currently has 27 stations spread across three lines.
What are the most beautiful subway stations in Baku?
Among the most famous stations for their architecture and decoration are Nizami Gəncəvi, İçərişəhər, 28 May, and Koroğlu . Each offers a unique artistic experience.
What are the opening hours of the Baku subway?
The subway operates from the early hours of the morning until around midnight, with hours that may vary slightly. The frequency is higher during peak hours.
How much does a subway ticket cost in Baku?
The ticket is purchased via the BakiKart, which can be recharged at the stations. The cost of a single ride is very low, making the subway an economical means of transport for tourists.
Is the Baku subway accessible to disabled people?
Some stations are equipped with elevators and ramps, but not all are fully accessible. The newer stations are generally better equipped.
Is the Baku subway safe?
Yes, the Baku subway is considered safe, with a presence of security personnel and a surveillance system.
How can you pay for the subway ticket?
You pay with the BakiKart, a prepaid card that can be purchased and recharged at the automatic machines or counters in the stations.
Is the Baku subway a tourist attraction?
Yes, many stations, due to their architecture and mosaics, are considered attractions in their own right and are visited by tourists who do not necessarily need to travel from one area to another in the city.
What are the lines of the Baku subway?
The Baku metro consists of three main lines: the Red Line (1), the Green Line (2), and the Purple Line (3), which extend for a total length of about 40 km.
Can vacations in Baku include a ride on the metro?
Absolutely yes. A ride on the metro in Baku is a way to immerse yourself in the culture and history of the city, admiring the art and architecture of its stations, and represents an authentic experience off the usual tourist paths.
Baku Metro
The Baku metro is a hidden gem waiting to be discovered by those spending their holidays in Baku. Its stations, decorated with mosaics, sculptures, and chandeliers, are much more than just public transport stops: they are true art museums that tell the story and culture of Azerbaijan, from the poetry of Nizami to the heroic deeds of Koroglu. A ride on the Baku metro is a journey through time, an immersion in Soviet aesthetics and Azerbaijani tradition, an experience that enriches and completes the discovery of this fascinating capital. To discover all the other unique attractions of Baku and to best organize your itinerary, you can consult our complete guide to experiencing an unforgettable holiday in Baku.
Article review date: April 26, 2026